Cov hlau ua los ntawm tooj liab uas tsis tshua muaj zog kub yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg, cov khoom siv thermal overload relay, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg. Cov khoom siv uas peb lub tuam txhab tsim tawm muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tiv taus zoo thiab ruaj khov. Peb tuaj yeem muab txhua yam hlau puag ncig, hlau tiaj tus thiab hlau ntawv.

CuNi40 (6J40)
Constantanyog CuNi40, tseem hu ua 6J40, nws yog ib qho hlau tsis kam uas feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tooj liab thiab nickel.
Nws muaj qhov coefficient kub tsis kam, qhov kub ua haujlwm dav (500 hauv qab no), cov khoom siv ua haujlwm zoo, tiv thaiv xeb thiab yooj yim braze vuam.

Cov hlau nplaum no tsis yog hlau nplaum. Nws yog siv rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob rov ua dua qhov resistor hloov pauv thiab lub zog resistor,
cov potentiometers, cov xov hlau cua sov, cov xov hlau cua sov thiab cov lev. Cov ribbons yog siv rau kev cua sov ntawm bimetals. Lwm qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv thov yog kev tsim cov thermocouples vim nws tsim lub zog electromotive siab (EMF) nrog rau lwm cov hlau.

Tooj liab nickel alloy series: Constantan CuNi40 (6J40), CuNi1, CuNi2, CuNi6, CuNi8, CuNi10, CuNi14, CuNi19, CuNi23, CuNi30, CuNi34, CuNi44.

Cov qib tseem ceeb thiab cov khoom