Cov hlau nplaum yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev muaj zog, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau xyoo tas los no, kev lag luam fais fab tau ua tiav kev loj hlob sai thiab ruaj khov, thiab kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau coj ntau qhov chaw rau kev siv cov hlau nplaum, ua raws li qhov xav tau ntau dua rau cov hlau nplaum. Vim li no, nws yog qhov tsis zam tsis tau los kho cov qauv khoom ntawm cov hlau nplaum, thiab cov khoom siv raw (tooj liab thiab lacquer), cov txheej txheem nplaum, cov khoom siv txheej txheem thiab cov cuab yeej nrhiav pom kuj tseem xav tau kev txhim kho thiab kev tshawb fawb sai [1].
Tam sim no, muaj ntau tshaj 1000 lub tuam txhab tsim cov hlau enameled hauv Suav teb, thiab lub peev xwm tsim khoom txhua xyoo tau tshaj 250000 ~ 300000 tons. Tab sis feem ntau hais lus, qhov xwm txheej ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov hlau enameled yog qhov rov ua dua qis, feem ntau hais lus, "cov zis siab, qib qis, cov khoom siv rov qab". Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, cov hlau enameled zoo rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev tseem yuav tsum tau xa tawm, tsis txhob hais txog kev koom nrog kev sib tw ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum rov ua ob npaug peb cov kev siv zog los hloov pauv qhov xwm txheej tam sim no, yog li Tuam Tshoj cov thev naus laus zis hlau enameled tuaj yeem ua raws li kev thov ua lag luam, thiab sib tw hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.

Kev tsim cov ntau yam sib txawv
1) Acetal enameled hlau
Cov hlau nplaum uas muaj acetal enamelled yog ib hom hlau uas tau tsim thawj zaug hauv ntiaj teb. Lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Tebchaws Meskas tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam xyoo 1930. Lub tebchaws Soviet kuj tau tsim kho sai heev. Muaj ob hom polyvinyl formal thiab polyvinyl acetal. Tuam Tshoj kuj tau kawm txog lawv zoo hauv xyoo 1960. Txawm hais tias qib tiv taus kub ntawm cov hlau nplaum uas muaj enameled qis (105 ° C, 120 ° C), nws tau siv dav hauv cov roj transformer vim nws qhov kev tiv taus kub zoo heev. Cov yam ntxwv no tau raug lees paub los ntawm txhua lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Tam sim no, tseem muaj cov khoom tsim tawm me me hauv Suav teb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog acetal enameled flat wire yog siv los ua cov neeg hloov pauv rau cov transformer loj [1].
2) Polyester enameled hlau
Nyob rau nruab nrab xyoo 1950, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees Sab Hnub Poob tau tsim thawj cov xim polyester enameled wire uas muaj dimethyl terephthalate. Vim nws tiv taus cua sov zoo thiab muaj zog, ntau yam txheej txheem ua xim thiab tus nqi qis, nws tau dhau los ua cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam enameled wire txij li xyoo 1950. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws tsis tiv taus cua sov thiab yooj yim hydrolysis nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias thiab av noo, polyester enameled wire ua ib txheej tsis tau tsim nyob rau sab hnub poob lub tebchaws Yelemees thiab Tebchaws Meskas thaum xyoo 1970, tab sis tseem tsim thiab siv ntau hauv Nyiv, Tuam Tshoj thiab Sab Qab Teb Asia. Cov ntaub ntawv xyoo 1986 qhia tau tias cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm polyester enameled wire hauv Tuam Tshoj yog 96.4% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm. Tom qab 10 xyoo ntawm kev siv zog, ntau hom enameled wire tau tsim, tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv loj piv rau cov tebchaws tsim kho.
Muaj ntau txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav rau kev hloov kho polyester hauv Suav teb, suav nrog kev hloov kho THEIC thiab kev hloov kho imine. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog kev hloov kho qeeb ntawm cov hlau enameled, kev tsim cov xim no tseem me me. Txog tam sim no, qhov hluav taws xob poob ntawm cov hlau polyester enameled hloov kho tseem yuav tsum tau them sai sai.
3) Polyurethane enameled hlau
Cov xim hlau polyurethane enamelled tau tsim los ntawm Bayer hauv xyoo 1937. Nws yog siv dav hauv cov teb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim nws qhov kev sib txuas ncaj qha, kev tiv taus zaus siab thiab kev zas xim. Tam sim no, cov teb chaws txawv teb chaws tau them sai sai rau kev txhim kho qib tiv taus cua sov ntawm polyurethane enameled hlau yam tsis cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ua haujlwm vuam ncaj qha. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, Tebchaws Meskas, Nyiv Pooj tau tsim F-chav kawm, H-chav kawm polyurethane enameled hlau. Vim yog kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov xim TV teeb tsa, cov hlau polyurethane enameled nrog qhov ntev loj tsis muaj ntsev pinhole rau xim TV FBT tsim los ntawm Nyiv Pooj tau nyiam cov xim ntawm txhua lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb, thiab nws tseem ua ntej Nyiv Pooj.
Kev tsim cov hlau polyurethane enameled hauv tsev qeeb heev. Txawm hais tias cov xim polyurethane feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm qee lub Hoobkas, vim yog cov txheej txheem tsis zoo, qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab lwm yam teeb meem, cov xim feem ntau yog xa tawm los ntawm txawv teb chaws. Qib F polyurethane tau tsim nyob rau hauv Suav teb, tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm tsim khoom tau tsim. Cov xim polyurethane ntev ntev pinhole dawb kuj tau tsim thiab muab tso rau hauv kev ua lag luam, feem ntau yog siv rau kev ua FBT kauj ntawm TV dub thiab dawb.
4) Polyesterimide enameled hlau
Vim yog kev txhim kho ntawm kev tiv taus cua sov los ntawm kev hloov kho ntawm polyesterimide, qhov ntau ntawm polyesterimide enameled hlau hauv ntiaj teb tau nce siab heev txij li xyoo 1970. Hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Asmeskas, cov hlau enameled tau hloov pauv tag nrho cov hlau polyester enameled ib txheej. Tam sim no, cov khoom sawv cev hauv ntiaj teb yog terebe FH series khoom los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab isomid series khoom los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas. Tib lub sijhawm, peb tau tsim cov hlau polyesterimide enameled ncaj qha solderable, uas tau siv dav ua lub winding ntawm lub cev muaj zog me me, ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem vuam thiab txo cov nqi tsim khoom ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Qee tus neeg Nyiv kuj siv cov xim polyesterimide ncaj qha solderable ua primer ntawm cov hlau enameled tus kheej nplaum rau xim TV deflection coil, uas ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem. Cov xim polyesterimide hauv tsev tau qhia txog kev tsim khoom siv los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Ltalis, thiab kuj tau tsim kho kom zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, vim yog qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab lwm yam laj thawj, ntau cov xim polyesterimide hauv tsev siv ua cov hlau enameled tiv taus cov tub yees tseem vam khom rau kev xa khoom tuaj. Tsuas yog muaj ob peb lub xov hlau polyesterimide enameled uas siv cov xim hauv tsev xwb, tab sis qhov tsis ruaj khov ntawm qhov hluav taws xob tseem yog qhov txhawj xeeb ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom. Cov xim polyesterimide ncaj qha uas tuaj yeem solder tau raug tsim los ntawm Cable Research Institute.
5) Polyimide enameled hlau
Polyimide yog cov xim hlau enameled uas tiv taus cua sov tshaj plaws ntawm cov hlau enameled organic tam sim no, thiab nws qhov kub thiab txias mus sij hawm ntev tuaj yeem ncav cuag siab dua 220 ° C. Cov xim tau tsim los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas xyoo 1958. Cov hlau enameled polyimide muaj kev tiv taus cua sov siab, tiv taus cov kuab tshuaj zoo thiab tiv taus cov tub yees. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws tus nqi siab, kev ruaj khov tsis zoo thiab lom, nws siv dav dav raug cuam tshuam. Tam sim no, cov hlau enameled siv rau qee lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb, xws li lub cev muaj zog hauv lub qhov tsua thee, cov cuab yeej siv hauv chaw thiab lwm yam.
6) Cov xim pleev xim Polyamide imide
Xim Polyamide imide yog ib hom xim hlau enameled uas muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog, tiv taus cua sov, cov khoom siv kho tshuab, tiv taus cua txias thiab tshuaj lom neeg, yog li nws muaj lub koob npe nrov ua tus vaj ntxwv ntawm cov xim hlau enameled. Tam sim no, cov xim feem ntau yog siv rau nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab siv dav ua cov txheej txheem saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov hlau enameled sib xyaw los txhim kho kev tiv taus cua sov ntawm cov hlau sib xyaw thiab txo tus nqi. Tam sim no, nws feem ntau yog siv los txheej cov hlau enameled tiv taus huab cua txias hauv Suav teb, thiab me me ntawm cov xim no yog tsim tawm hauv Suav teb, feem ntau yog xa los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Ltalis thiab Lub Tebchaws Yelemees.
7) Cov hlau nplaum sib xyaw ua ke
Cov txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev sib xyaw feem ntau yog siv los txhim kho qib tiv taus kub thiab tsim cov hlau enameled tshwj xeeb. Piv nrog cov hlau enameled ib txheej, cov hlau enameled sib xyaw muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo li nram no: (1) nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, xws li cov hlau enameled uas nplaum rau cov qauv tsis muaj thav duab, cov hlau enameled tiv taus cov tub yees thiab lub tshuab cua txias, thiab lwm yam, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov qauv txheej txheej sib xyaw; (2) nws tuaj yeem txhim kho thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau cov txheej txheej rwb thaiv tsev kom ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov. Piv txwv li, polyester / nylon composite txheej enameled hlau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm thermal shock thiab kev ua haujlwm winding, uas yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem dipping kub, thiab tuaj yeem siv rau cov xov hlau lub cev muaj zog nrog kev kub dhau tam sim ntawd vim muaj kev thauj khoom ntau dhau; (3) nws tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm qee cov hlau enameled, xws li polyester imide thiab polyamide imide composite txheej enameled hlau hloov cov hlau enameled ib txheej polyamide imide, uas tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntau heev.

kev faib tawm
1.1 raws li cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev
1.1.1 acetal enameled hlau
1.1.2 polyester xim qhwv hlau
1.1.3 polyurethane txheej hlau
1.1.4 hloov kho polyester xim qhwv hlau
1.1.5 polyester imimide enameled hlau
1.1.6 polyester / polyamide imide enameled hlau
1.1.7 polyimide enameled hlau
1.2 raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm cov hlau enameled
1.2.1 Cov hlau enameled dav dav (kab sib xws): nws yog siv rau cov xov hlau winding hauv cov cav dav dav, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov twj paj nruag, cov transformers thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm, xws li cov hlau polyester xim qhwv thiab cov kab polyester hloov kho xim qhwv.
1.2.2 Cov kab txheej tiv taus cua sov: cov xov hlau uas siv rau hauv lub cev muaj zog, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov twj paj nruag, cov hloov pauv thiab lwm yam haujlwm, xws li cov xov hlau polyester imimide, cov xov hlau polyimide, cov kab xim polyester, cov kab polyester imimide / polyamide imide composite txheej.
1.2.3 Lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb enameled hlau: hais txog cov hlau winding nrog qee yam zoo yam ntxwv thiab siv rau hauv cov sijhawm tshwj xeeb, xws li polyurethane xim qhwv hlau (direct welding property), tus kheej nplaum xim qhwv hlau.
1.3 raws li cov khoom siv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib, nws muab faib ua tooj liab hlau, txhuas hlau thiab hlau alloy.
1.4 raws li cov khoom siv, nws muab faib ua kab puag ncig, kab tiaj tus thiab kab khoob.
1.5 raws li qhov tuab ntawm rwb thaiv tsev
1.5.1 kab puag ncig: zaj duab xis nyias-1, zaj duab xis tuab-2, zaj duab xis tuab-3 (tus qauv hauv tebchaws).
1.5.2 kab tiaj tiaj: xim pleev xim zoo tib yam Zaj duab xis-1, xim pleev xim tuab-2.
Kab cawv
Hlau (piv txwv li xauv) uas nplaum nws tus kheej thaum haus cawv
Kab cua kub
Hlau (piv txwv li PEI) uas nws tus kheej nplaum raws li qhov kub ua haujlwm
Ob chav hlau
Hlau uas nplaum tau nws tus kheej thaum haus cawv los yog cua sov
Txoj kev sawv cev
1. cim + tus lej
1.1 series code: muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm enameled winding: q-ntawv qhwv winding hlau: Z
1.2 tus neeg xyuas pib khoom siv: Tooj Liab Tus neeg xyuas pib: t (tsis suav nrog) tus neeg xyuas pib txhuas: l
1.3 Cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev:
Y. A polyamide (nylon ntshiab) e acetal, polyurethane kub tsawg B polyurethane f polyurethane, polyester h polyurethane, polyester imides, hloov kho polyester n polyamide imide composite polyester lossis polyesterimide polyamide imide r polyamide imide polyimide C-aryl polyimide
Xim roj: Y (tsis suav nrog) xim polyester: Z xim polyester hloov kho: Z (g) xim acetal: Q xim polyurethane: a xim polyamide: X xim polyimide: y xim epoxy: H xim polyester imimide: ZY polyamide imide: XY
1.4 tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib: kab tiaj tus: kab b-lub voj voog: Y (tsis suav nrog) kab khoob: K
1.5 zaj duab xis tuab: kab puag ncig: nyias Zaj duab xis-1 zaj duab xis tuab-2 zaj duab xis tuab-3 kab tiaj tus: Zaj duab xis zoo tib yam-1 zaj duab xis tuab-2
Qib thermal 1.6 yog qhia los ntawm /xxx
2. qauv
2.1 Cov qauv khoom ntawm cov kab enameled yog lub npe los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm Suav pinyin tsab ntawv thiab Arabic tus lej: nws cov khoom sib xyaw suav nrog cov khoom hauv qab no. Cov khoom saum toj no tau muab sib xyaw ua ke, uas yog cov qauv khoom ntawm cov kab pob xim.
3. qauv + kev qhia tshwj xeeb + tus lej txheem
3.1 piv txwv ntawm kev sawv cev khoom
A. Cov hlau polyester enamelled hlau puag ncig, zaj duab xis xim tuab, qib cua sov 130, txoj kab uas hla nominal 1.000mm, raws li tus qauv gb6i09.7-90, qhia ua: qz-2 / 130 1.000 gb6109.7-90
B. Polyester imides yog coated nrog hlau tiaj tus hlau, ib txwm xim zaj duab xis, nrog qib kub ntawm 180, sab a ntawm 2.000mm, sab B ntawm 6.300mm, thiab kev siv ntawm gb / t7095.4-1995, uas yog qhia ua: qzyb-1/180 2.000 x6.300 gb / t7995.4-1995
3.2 lub cev tooj liab uas tsis muaj pa oxygen
Hlau nplaum
Hlau nplaum
3.2.1 series code: puag ncig tooj liab ncej rau kev tsim hluav taws xob
3.2.3 raws li lub xeev cov yam ntxwv: lub xeev mos R, lub xeev nyuaj y
3.2.4 raws li cov yam ntxwv kev ua tau zoo: theem 1-1, theem 2-2
3.2.5 tus qauv khoom, cov lus qhia thiab tus lej txheem
Piv txwv li: txoj kab uas hla yog 6.7 hli, thiab chav kawm 1 nyuaj oxygen dawb puag ncig tooj liab pas nrig yog qhia ua twy-16.7 gb3952.2-89
3.3 hlau tooj liab liab qab
3.3.1 hlau tooj liab liab qab: t
3.3.2 raws li lub xeev cov yam ntxwv: lub xeev mos R, lub xeev nyuaj y
3.3.3 raws li cov duab ntawm cov khoom siv: kab tiaj tus B, kab voj voog y (tsis suav nrog)
3.3.4 piv txwv: hlau puag ncig tawv hlau liab qab nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 3.00 hli ty3.00 gb2953-89