Hlau nickelFeem ntau tus nqi siab dua li cov xov hlau ib txwm muaj xws li tooj liab lossis txhuas, tab sis nws tus nqi yog khi ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom nruj, thiab tus nqi thov uas tsis hloov pauv tau. Hauv qab no yog kev faib tawm ntawm cov tsav tsheb tseem ceeb thiab cov txiaj ntsig sib xws uas lawv muab:
| Tus Tsav Tsheb Nqi | Cov Yam Tshwj Xeeb | Tus nqi rau cov neeg siv khoom |
| Khoom Siv Raw Tsis Tshua Muaj | - Nickel yog ib hom hlau muaj nqis tsawg heev (tsuas yog 0.008% ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub plhaub) - Nickel uas muaj cov khoom huv siab (99.9%+) thiab cov khoom sib xyaw (Cr, Fe, Cu) kim heev - Tus nqi nickel thoob ntiaj teb tsis ruaj khov (cuam tshuam los ntawm kev khawb av thiab cov saw hlau xa khoom) | - Kev tiv taus xeb thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias - Kev ua haujlwm zoo tas li hauv qhov chaw ib puag ncig hnyav - Txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov khoom siv |
| Kev Tsim Khoom Uas Muaj Kev Ntsuas Siab | - Kev kos duab zoo heev (txog li 0.005 hli txoj kab uas hla) nrog kev kam rau siab (±0.001 hli) - Kev kho cua sov thiab cov txheej txheem annealing nyuaj - Cov txiaj ntsig tsim khoom tsawg (tsuas yog 60-70% rau cov xov hlau me me) | - cov khoom siv me me (khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej kho mob) - Kev ua hluav taws xob sib xws thiab lub zog kho tshuab - Kev sib koom ua ke zoo rau hauv cov khoom sib dhos siab |
| Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho Zoo | - Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov hlau alloy (piv txwv li, Ni-Cr rau kev tiv taus cua sov, Ni-Fe rau kev nthuav dav qis) - Kev sim rau cov xwm txheej hnyav (kub siab, xeb, biocompatibility) - Ua raws li cov qauv kev lag luam nruj (ASTM, ISO) | - Cov khoom tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov lag luam tshwj xeeb - Kev ua tau zoo txhim khu kev qha hauv cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb - Ua raws li cov cai kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo |
| Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo | - Kev tshuaj xyuas ntau theem (qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntev, cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw, kev coj hluav taws xob) - Kev sim tsis ua puas tsuaj (NDT) rau cov qhov tsis zoo zais - Cov ntaub ntawv taug qab (cov ntaub ntawv teev cia ua pawg, daim ntawv pov thawj) | - Cov khoom tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo rau kev siv uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab (kev tsav dav hlau, kev kho mob) - Lub neej ua haujlwm ntev (txo cov nqi hloov pauv) - Kev lees paub zoo pob tshab |
1. Cov Khoom Siv Tsis Muaj Ntau: Lub Hauv Paus ntawm Tus Nqi Siab
Qhov tsis tshua muaj nickel—tsis tshua muaj ntau npaum li tooj liab (0.01% av nplaum) lossis txhuas (8.1%)—ua rau nws tus nqi qis dua. Rau cov hlau nickel qib kev lag luam, peb siv 99.95% nickel ntshiab siab kom ntseeg tau tias tiv taus xeb, uas raug nqi ntau dua 3-5 npaug ntawm cov nickel lag luam. Cov hlau nickel alloyed (piv txwv li, Ni-Cr 80/20) xav tau cov khoom tsis tshua muaj xws li chromium, ua rau cov nqi khoom siv nce ntxiv. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev nqis peev no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau tuaj yeem tiv taus kev xeb dej hiav txwv rau 10+ xyoo lossis kub siab txog li 1,200 ° C—kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau ib txwm tsis tuaj yeem sib piv.
2. Kev Tsim Khoom Uas Muaj Kev Ntsuas Zoo: Tus Nqi ntawm Kev Ua Tau Zoo Tshaj Plaws
Kev tsim cov hlau nickel xav tau cov khoom siv siab heev thiab kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem nruj. Kev kos cov hlau zoo heev (0.005-0.01mm) xav tau cov pob zeb diamond tuag thiab kev kos qeeb qeeb (tsuas yog 5-10m / feeb), ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tsim khoom tsawg. Kev kho cua sov, uas ua rau kom muaj zog thiab ruaj khov, suav nrog kev siv lub tshuab nqus tsev annealing ntawm 800-1,000 ° C rau 4-6 teev. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem no nce tus nqi, lawv ua rau cov hlau nrog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntev thiab lub zog kho tshuab - tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov xws li kev sib txuas 5G lossis cov xov hlau cog rau kev kho mob.
3. Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Zoo: Kev Xyuas Kom Muaj Kev Ntseeg Tau
Peb pab neeg R&D siv ntau xyoo los kho cov qauv alloy kom tau raws li qhov xav tau tshwj xeeb hauv kev lag luam—piv txwv li, tsim cov hlau Ni-Fe nrog 42% nickel rau kev nthuav dav thermal qis, zoo tagnrho rau kev ntsuas qhov tseeb. Txhua pawg tau dhau 12+ qhov kev kuaj xyuas zoo, suav nrog atomic absorption spectroscopy (rau cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw) thiab kev sim tensile (rau lub zog). Kev ua raws li cov qauv xws li ASTM B162 (aerospace) thiab ISO 10993 (kev kho mob) xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj nruj, ntxiv rau cov nqi tab sis lav tias peb cov hlau nickel ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv lub neej tseem ceeb thiab cov xwm txheej muaj kev pheej hmoo siab.
4. Tag Nrho Tus Nqi ntawm Kev Muaj Tswv: Tshaj Tus Nqi Pib
Txawm hais tias cov hlau nickel muaj tus nqi siab dua thaum pib, nws lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab kev saib xyuas tsawg ua rau muaj kev txuag nyiaj mus sij hawm ntev. Piv txwv li, lub Hoobkas tshuaj siv peb cov hlau nickel txo cov kev hloov pauv uas cuam tshuam nrog xeb los ntawm 70% piv rau cov hlau tooj liab. Hauv cov khoom siv kho mob, peb cov hlau nickel biocompatible zam kev rov qab them nqi kim vim yog cov khoom siv tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li ntawd, "tus nqi siab" ntawm cov hlau nickel yog kev nqis peev hauv kev ntseeg tau, kev ua tau zoo, thiab txo cov nqi siv tas mus li.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Kaum Ib Hlis-13-2025
